Prepare your portfolio for eurozone money printing

By MoneyWeek Editor John Stepek Jan 12, 2012

John Stepek

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Even Germany is feeling the eurozone's pain now.

Initial estimates suggest that the German economy probably shrank in the fourth quarter of 2011. If it shrinks again this quarter, then that'd be a technical recession.

It shouldn't really come as a surprise. You can't sit in the middle of all that chaos and panic and expect to get away unscathed. And with global demand for exports weakening, Germany's main growth driver is suffering too.

The bad news is that this will all have a nasty knock-on effect to the rest of the world. The good news – if there is any – is that it might just lead to the eurozone crisis being resolved more rapidly…

Europe isn't listening to newspaper columnists

You could be forgiven for being bored with the European crisis by now. The papers are still full of what Europe "should" or "shouldn't" do. Every other FT columnist seems to have their own personal cure for the crisis that would solve things if only Europe's leaders were clever enough to listen to them.

For example, this morning there's an editorial in the paper explaining how Europe should resolve the issue of private sector involvement in the Greek crisis (ie just how much private holders of Greek debt should lose).

There's a whole game plan outlined, involving recapitalising the banks through takeovers and debt-for-equity swaps. Oh, and it has to be clear that this is a one-off, so that no one worries it'll happen elsewhere. "A decisive amputation is now better than death by a thousand cuts," concludes the piece.

Problem solved, eh? Except that no one in Europe gives a hoot what the FT, or any other newspaper columnist, thinks they should do about their crisis.


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I can write a whole list of "should" and "shouldn'ts" for the eurozone. I'm sure you can too.

They shouldn't have set the euro up in the first place. Having set it up, they shouldn't have let Greece in. Having let Greece in, they should have been stricter about forcing countries to meet the rules. Having failed the strictness test, they should have kicked Greece out or clubbed together to buy all its bonds the minute the crisis first broke out.

But none of that tells you how to make money from this crisis, or how to avoid being badly burned by it. For that, you need to try to think about what's likely to happen, rather than what would happen in an ideal world.

What's likely to happen in the eurozone?

The key problem with the eurozone is that everyone has different aims. The Greek situation sums it up. No one really wants to pay the price for bailing out Greece. But no one really wants to suffer the consequences of Greece crashing out of the euro either.

So the various eurozone countries have been unable to decide on a concrete plan of action. The root problem is that Germany doesn't want to end up on the hook every time an economy like Greece spends too much money. They are (quite rightly) worried about 'moral hazard'. If they do it once, they'll only end up having to do it again.

Trouble is, the current, drawn-out, painful process is just making things worse. That increases the chances of the whole thing unravelling in a very messy way. That's what has markets so scared.


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The one good thing about the recession spreading across the eurozone is that it might help to focus everyone's minds a little. As James Ferguson pointed out in our New Year predictions issue (if you're not already a subscriber, get your first three copies free here), the nastier things become, the more likely it is that the European Central Bank (ECB) will end up printing money.

That's no solution in the long run. While it should buy time to find a long-term solution, the reality is that everyone will feed off the free money as much as they can and will try to avoid changing their ways. You just need to look at the Western banking sector's resistance to change to realise that.

The euro isn't weak enough yet

But whether it's the 'right' thing to do or not, the most likely outcome is that the ECB is forced to act. It might even happen as a result of Greece storming out of the euro, which would be extremely disruptive.

What does this all mean in investment terms? Arguably the euro still isn't weak enough against the dollar to account for this. And European stocks – while getting cheap – could get cheaper still as the crunch point approaches. So while I'd be starting to look at stocks to buy in the region, I would also hang on to a large chunk of cash, to be ready to buy in at the most promising time.

And stick with gold as insurance. It is not cheap, as we've noted already. But a stronger dollar is not part of Ben Bernanke's plan. The US currency looks a good place to be at the moment, but with the country pinning its hopes on a manufacturing recovery, there's a lot of pressure to do more quantitative easing. That pressure will only increase if Europe does some QE of its own. Gold is a good defence against that.

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Comments (25)

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  • 1. NVP

    (12 January 2012, 10:38AM)  Complain about this comment

    Sure.....go to Gold and especially more if the YEN and CHF get suppressed by their respective National Banks

    NVP

  • 2. Investors are Idiots

    (12 January 2012, 10:59AM)  Complain about this comment

    A weak Euro will trigger an equity rally.

    http://investorsareidiots.com/2012/01/euro-can-become-a-carry-trade-currency/

  • 3. Eddiegeorge

    (12 January 2012, 11:06AM)  Complain about this comment

    Hi John, Europe is absolutely right not to take any advice from English press journalists. They are baying for the collapse of the Eurozone while the UK and Sterling suffer real existential threats with Scotland pursuing independence before the last NS oil is depleted. These journalists continuously write column miles with no supporting data. Facts are easily found at the back of The Economist. The Eurozone is essentially neutral on trade balance and current account and the total state debt increase is being brought under control. This contrasts with the parlous state of the UK and US on these parameters despite a near 50% devaluation against the Euro and ongoing need for trillions in foreign loans which will never be repaid. When total debt is considered, the UK at about 1000% of GDP is in much more trouble than any other country. Write and worry about the collapse of the UK, $ and £ instead.

  • 4. HL

    (12 January 2012, 11:16AM)  Complain about this comment

    NVP is right. Why else would central banks be net buyers of gold today ? Why else would the US hold so much gold in Fort Knox ? Why else would China be importing record amounts of gold through Hong Kong ? And why else would gold have risen in price for ten successive years ?

    Soon, the mainstream press will report these things more prominently. Then, the 'barbarous relic' faction will fall deafeningly silent.

  • 5. IJ

    (12 January 2012, 11:52AM)  Complain about this comment

    Well put, Eddiegeorge. I think the press in the UK and the US suffer from some kind of Anglosaxon superiority complex vis-a-vis Europe. Nobody seems to be looking at the data. Apart from being able to print money, I really don't see a big difference between the UK /US and Europe, except the former may indeed be worse, as you say. If there were a top trumps game on countries' economic health, with categories like "budget deficit", "total public debt" (not something that would sell particularly well!), the UK would lose to most European countries on most measures, including Italy and Spain.

  • 6. Cooldude

    (12 January 2012, 12:52PM)  Complain about this comment

    Good article John. By constantly printing more units of currency whether through LTRO or QE the central bankers are simply lowering the value of the existing units of the same currency. They seem to be very happy about this "solution" but this debasement of currency just lowers the value of one's hard earned savings. Switching your savings to precious metals is the only protection on an individual level from this race to the bottom that all central bankers seem to think is such a great idea.

  • 7. Steve P

    (12 January 2012, 01:03PM)  Complain about this comment

    Apart from being able to print money, I really don't see a big difference between the UK /US and Europe... IJ.

    In the eyes of the markets, that is all the difference they need. It gives the UK and US a way out that the Eurozoners do not have. Not a good way, not a sustainable way, and not a way that will end well, but as a straw to clutch at, it's seen as the best available just now. Inflating debts away by printing money is the last refuge of financial scoundrels, and ordinary Brits and Americans will lose loads before the BOE and the FED are done.

  • 8. Nigel

    (12 January 2012, 01:37PM)  Complain about this comment

    @Eddiegeorge - Some good points. I didn't quite see how you got the total UK debt to 1000% of GDP - that's about £12 trillion. I understood that it's currently about £1 trillion and with public sector pension liabilities about £3 trillion.

    I'm interested to hear how this breaks down.

  • 9. IJ

    (12 January 2012, 01:41PM)  Complain about this comment

    Hi Steve P. I understand that's the only difference the markets need... for now at least (I wouldn't rule out that changing at some point though). But it looks like we agree insofar as this doens't make the UK or the US fundamentally any sounder. That's not the impression you get from reading the papers.

  • 10. Noneleft

    (12 January 2012, 01:44PM)  Complain about this comment

    Eddiegeorge/IJ: The markets disagree with you. Notice the point made in this article - "...try to think about what's *likely* to happen, rather than what would [should] happen...".

    The debt levels in the US and the UK are astonishing, no one thinks that's good (except Ed Balls), or even recoverable. But, the markets know the eurozone crisis is coming to a head *first*. Investors only need to avoid loosing money on the *next* car crash, not the one which might happen further down the road.

    The US/UK mess can be alleviated through politics/inflation/QE/growth for much longer than the eurozone.

  • 11. IJ

    (12 January 2012, 01:46PM)  Complain about this comment

    Hi Nigel. I know my name isn't Eddiegeorge, but I believe this is includign financial sector debt. You can see a breakdown here.

    http://www.thestudentroom.co.uk/showthread.php?t=1861184

  • 12. Eddiegeorge

    (12 January 2012, 03:04PM)  Complain about this comment

    Hi IJ and Nigel, Thanks for answering the question IJ, it is a Morgan Stanley estimate, with most debt in the financial sector. The Ecomist (The Speculator?)put UK total debt at over 500% GDP in July 2011, much higher than Eurozone countries, which are typically 250% of GDP.

    Hi Noneleft, We are not witnessing rational market forces in Eurozone state debt fluctuations, otherwise the € would have fallen by more than 50%. This is a specualtive frenzy induced by too much loose money and derivatives chasing thinly traded assets. Once the differential betwen UK and US bonds realtive to Eurozone bonds gets unsustainable, the speculative bets will go the other way, as Soros did to the UK in the past. Further, the purpose of the rating agencies is to keep US debt looking excellent while trashing everything else. Enron, LTCM, and most big US bankruptcies occurred with recently posted AAA ratings.

  • 13. pjm

    (12 January 2012, 03:45PM)  Complain about this comment


    Well said Eddiegeorge....on a recent holiday abroad the only "newspaper" available was an English tabloid. I was stunned at the anti Euro/Europe rant and wondered if it reflected the view of the ordinary Brit.....on enquiry it seems it does as it has huge circulation in the UK. As an Irishman,I have many friends in the UK ( Horse Racing & Rugby) all of whom are decent, hardworking people......hence my astonishment at what I read. This was confirmed when I read that the popularity of the British PM soared after a recent joust with other European leaders. Seems to me that the UK should do the decent thing.....walk away from Europe and "paddle your own canoe"

  • 14. Noneleft

    (12 January 2012, 04:38PM)  Complain about this comment

    Eddiegeorge: I guess we'll see who's right soon enough. We agree at least on these 2 points:
    1. we are not witnessing rational market forces w.r.t. the eurozone (but we disagree in which direction more rational would be).
    2. English journalists are not trustworthy as far as the EU, eurozone, Euro and closer integration generally are concerned - for decades most of them have been telling us what a great idea all these things are. It's only now the writing is on the wall, on the eve of utter disaster, that some of them are finally jumping off the europhile bandwagon, presumably to try and salvage their credibility. Not the BBC though, who'll stay on to the bitter end.

  • 15. Jeff

    (12 January 2012, 10:34PM)  Complain about this comment

    Considering simple economics, the Euro can never work with many differing economies under differing governments and a common interest rate.
    Political unity is unpalatable, so the Euro should never have existed in the first place.

  • 16. Matt

    (13 January 2012, 10:41AM)  Complain about this comment

    We cannot let Greece fail for the simple fact that if it did it would collapse the main banks in Germany and France. This in turn would create complete havoc across all the worldwide banks because they all own bonds, equities, loans and toxic debts to each other. Consequently there would be a meltdown in the worldwide economy. The only successor from this would eventually be the US and China. It would take a decade for the rest of us to catch up with the possible exception of Germany making a quicker attempt.
    Also with everyone rallying to invest in the US this would consequently decrease the value of gold. I really doubt it will go up further. In fact it seems to be decreasing.
    In my opinion we are heading for a second larger recession and we will have many more. Hopefully the banks will be able to stock up with enough cash but they are in a losing situation.
    The only way out of it is for the EU to make many more drastic cuts, to stop borrowing money and bite the bullet.

  • 17. Noneleft

    (13 January 2012, 11:05AM)  Complain about this comment

    "...with everyone rallying to invest in the US this would consequently decrease the value of gold. I really doubt it will go up further. " (Matt)

    This seems to ignore that the US still has a monumental debt problem. It won't go away when the eurozone implodes. No doubt gold and $ will see massive swings of volatility during that scenario, but ultimately the only option the US (like the UK) has to avoid it's own meltdown is to follow a high inflation, low interest, QE policy. In the medium to long run this has only one outcome for gold - skyward.

    And with the possibility of new, hard currencies emerging in Europe, for the smart investor there could eventually be new options on the table apart from gold.

  • 18. Matt

    (13 January 2012, 11:22AM)  Complain about this comment

    "but ultimately the only option the US (like the UK) has to avoid it's own meltdown is to follow a high inflation, low interest, QE policy. In the medium to long run this has only one outcome for gold - skyward."

    Not necessarily. If investors continue pumping money into US companies it won't. The turmoil will continue decreasing investors confidence in the EU market except for may be some of the larger blue chip companies ie. Oil & Gas.

    Our main problem is that our services industry takes up too much of a proportion of our workforce. The US has a much more resilient economy than ours.

    We are already following a high inflation, low interest, QE policy and look at the price of gold.

    Do you think that this would eventually reduce investors confidence in the US and consequently turn to gold? Possibly, but it's by no means definite. I can only see the $ getting stronger.

  • 19. Matt

    (13 January 2012, 11:43AM)  Complain about this comment

    Personally, i think, the only way out of it would be to cancel all interest owed from debt ridden EU states and have the richer countries pay more interest and tax to the EU?

  • 20. Noneleft

    (13 January 2012, 12:27PM)  Complain about this comment

    I'm not sure how investors pumping money into US companies would reduce the US sovereign debt problem. It's the government who owe the $17 trillion and taxpayers will have pay it. Without a high inflation environment to erode the debt down to more manageable proportions it's already beyond recoverable. That means by hook or by crook the dollar will be devalued, and that means gold looks golden.

    I can see how the dollar may swing high in the shorter term, while the eurozone is collapsing. And the US economy does have more resilience than UK for sure, but $17 trillion worth ? I really don't think that's getting paid back at current USD prices.

    Matt, are you sure you want to refer to the price of gold to show it's not going up in a high inflation environment? On my chart it's up 23% in 12 months, up 54% in 24 months, and up 80% in 36 months. I think those figures are pretty conclusive.

  • 21. Noneleft

    (13 January 2012, 12:49PM)  Complain about this comment

    "...cancel all interest owed from debt ridden EU states and have the richer countries pay more interest and tax to the EU?"

    Apart from being immoral, this would only result in more of other people's money being poured into the black hole without solving the problem. It doesn't fix the underlying deficit spending which these debt ridden countries have still not got under control. That means it won't be long before their debts are building up again, and they need more bailouts or debt restructuring, paid for by more foreign tax payers and savers.

    The only solution is to give these countries back their own currencies, forcing them to become responsible for and restructure their spending, not give them yet more money so they can keep going with impunity.

  • 22. Matt

    (13 January 2012, 01:04PM)  Complain about this comment

    I agree but it's too late for them to leave the euro and default. The EU has already dug a grave.

    With tight fiscal centralised monitoring together with a tax system that 'takes from the rich and gives to the poor', would at least alleviate their debts and stabilise the financial crisis. It isn't the actual debt that is only impossible to repay but the interest rate is colossal. They cannot expect to be able to repay it! If the 'robin hood' EU tax system was put into place they would find that they probably wouldn't default and the banks will be happy. I think it would work, but it will never happen :-( We will just keep pumping money into a 'black hole' and hope the economy picks up again...

  • 23. Matt

    (13 January 2012, 01:18PM)  Complain about this comment

    The US has been massively indebt for many many years. They have had an enormous overdraft for many years. Yes it has increased to an trillion or more but most of that has been due to their recent warmongering.

    The price of gold has gained a massive amount since 2002 way before any high inflation and recession. If your belief is high inflation = high gold price, well i think it's much more complicated than that. This is not a normal economic climate we're riding here.

  • 24. Gordon Freeman

    (14 January 2012, 02:50AM)  Complain about this comment

    Interesting comments above! Something worrying me about gold is alot of negative comments from certain people (Jon Nadler of Kitco, Clive Maund, etc.). They don't hate gold, but believe it is heading south for many reasons. Partly because of QE seemingly dropping off the radar in the US and also Europe (Mario Draghi/Merkel refusing as always). I know the UK is doing more QE, but it's on a smaller scale. And also the Indian buying has been very muted lately due to the high rupee price.

    The trouble is, if bondholders panic and start selling eurobonds and pile into the US, it could trigger a major crash (which drags down stocks, gold, everything). Can someone explain why this could cause interest rates to skyrocket? Because if that happens, it wouldn't be good for gold either. OK, worse-case scenario maybe but it's worth bearing in mind!

  • 25. Matt

    (14 January 2012, 09:21AM)  Complain about this comment

    @Gordon Freeman.

    if bondholders panic and start selling eurobonds and pile into the US, it could trigger a major crash (which drags down stocks, gold, everything). Can someone explain why this could cause interest rates to skyrocket?

    I think this is a big possibility and the reason for increasing interest rates would be to control inflation. However if this happened our mortgage market would crash and this would be disastrous for banks and their customers.

    My safe haven is oil & gas. Lets see how we compare in 2 years!

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